The spontaneous ideation for the nascent entrepreneurs: The reasonings, learning loops and outcomes matrices, models and visual tools for collaborating with AI in support of innovative sustainable business solutions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35564/jmbe.2025.0029Keywords:
ideation, innovation, creativity, reasonings-outcomes matrix, reasonings-learning loops matrix, data, knowledge management, sustainable business modelAbstract
The paper summarizes in a step-by-step guiding format a model for developing new ideas (Ideation) that can be used to form a new spontaneous venture or accelerate the development of a new service or product, augmenting sustainable solutions. The proposed guidelines are widely used and can be applied in tandem with other prevalently available models or tools. The paper intends to serve as a resource for entrepreneurs and innovators, as well as for teaching and training nascent entrepreneurs. The author has used the framework and the tools described here in numerous Ideation and Entrepreneurship classes taught for over a decade in several countries around the world. The purpose is to provide an effective and efficient set of tools, models, and techniques that can assist the entrepreneur in her accelerated journey to create and achieve her dreams. Such tools are the matrix of Reasonings-Outcomes, the matrix of Reasonings-Learning Loops, and the matrix of Outcomes-Learning Loops introduced here for the first time. The paper adds an academic review when and where appropriate, as well as a discussion of how the incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can broaden the scope, accelerate the process in an effective and efficient way by providing practical, innovative, and sustainable illustrations and examples. This is exemplified by developing business models in a circular economy of a socially responsible business idea.
Downloads
References
Acemoglu, D., & Restrepo, P. (2018). Artificial intelligence, automation, and work. In The economics of artificial intelligence: An agenda (pp. 197-236). University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226613475.003.0008
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (n.d.a). Implementation Planning. Available at https://www.ahrq.gov/teamstepps-program/curriculum/implement/activity/plan.html
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (n.d.b). Teaching Implementation Planning. Available at https://www.ahrq.gov/teamstepps-program/curriculum/implement/teach.html |
Agrawal, A., Gans, J., & Goldfarb, A. (2018). Prediction machines: The simple economics of artificial intelligence. Harvard Business Review Press.
Akask, R. (n.d.). Business model generation preview. Academia. Available at https://www.academia.edu/26179300/Businessmodelgeneration_preview
Al-Ansi, A. M., Jaboob, M., Garad, A., & Al-Ansi, A. (2023). Analyzing augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) recent development in education. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 8(1), 100532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100532
Albakry, N. S., Hashim, M. E. A., & Puandi, M. F. (2025). The Integration of AI in Design Thinking for Enhancing Student Creativity and Critical Thinking in Digital Media Learning. Semarak International Journal of Creative Art and Design, 4(1), 24-37. https://doi.org/10.37934/sijcad.4.1.2437
Albert, C. N., Mihai, M., & Mudure-Iacob, I. (2022). Visual thinking strategies—theory and applied areas of insertion. Sustainability, 14(12), 7195. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127195
Altshuller, G. (1996). And suddenly the inventor appeared: TRIZ, the theory of inventive problem solving. Technical Innovation Center.
Amabile, T. M. (1983). The social psychology of creativity: A componential conceptualization. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(2), 357–376. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.45.2.357
Amabile, T. M. (1996). Creativity in context: Update to the social psychology of creativity. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Amabile, T. M. (1997). Motivating creativity in organizations: On doing what you love and loving what you do. California Management Review, 40(1), 39–58. https://doi.org/10.2307/41165921
Amabile, T. M., Conti, R., Coon, H., Lazenby, J., & Herron, M. (1996). Assessing the work environment for creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 39(5), 1154–1184. https://doi.org/10.2307/256995
Amabile, T. M., & Mueller, J. S. (2024). Studying creativity, its processes, and its antecedents: An exploration of the componential theory of creativity. In Handbook of organizational creativity (pp. 33–64). Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003573326-3
Amabile, T. M., & Pratt, M. G. (2016). The dynamic componential model of creativity and innovation in organizations: Making progress, making meaning. Research in Organizational Behavior, 36, 157–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2016.10.001
Amoako, G., Omari, P., Kumi, D. K., Agbemabiase, G. C., & Asamoah, G. (2021). Conceptual framework—Artificial intelligence and better entrepreneurial decision-making. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14(12), 604. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14120604
Argyris, C., & Schön, D. A. (1996). Organizational learning II: Theory, method, and practice. Addison-Wesley.
Arnheim, R. (2023). Visual thinking. University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.8501063
Arora, A., Belenzon, S., Patacconi, A., & Suh, J. (2019). Why the US innovation ecosystem is slowing down. Harvard Business Review. November 26. Available at https://hbr.org/2019/11/why-the-u-s-innovation-ecosystem-is-slowing-down
Attié, I. (2025). The future of creativity: How AI image generators are changing design and how Shutterstock is embracing it. Stock Photo Secrets. (June 6). Available at https://www.stockphotosecrets.com/stock-agency-insights/future-of-creativity-and-ai.html#:~:text=Generative%20AI%20technology%20is%20revolutionizing,creativity%20rather%20than%20replace%20it?
Audretsch, D. B., & Kielbach, M. (2004). Entrepreneurship and regional growth: An evolutionary interpretation. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 14(5), 605-616. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00191-004-0228-6
Aulet, B. (2013). Disciplined Entrepreneurship: 24 steps to a successful startup. Wiley.
Bada, M., & Nurse, J. R. (2020). The social and psychological impact of cyberattacks. In Emerging cyber threats and cognitive vulnerabilities (pp. 73-92). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816203-3.00004-6
Baker, T., Miner, A. S., & Eesley, D. T. (2003). Improvising firms: Bricolage, account giving and improvisational competencies in the founding process. Research Policy, 32(2), 255–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00099-9
Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Basole, R. C., Park, H., & Seuss, C. D. (2024). Complex business ecosystem intelligence using AI-powered visual analytics. Decision Support Systems, 178, 114133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2023.114133
Beck, K., Beedle, M., Van Bennekum, A., Cockburn, A., Cunningham, W., Fowler, M. & Thomas, D. (2001). Manifesto for agile software development. Available at https://agilemanifesto.org/
Bell, R., & Bell, H. (2023). Entrepreneurship education in the era of generative artificial intelligence. Entrepreneurship Education, 6(3), 229–244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41959-023-00099-x
Belsky, S. (2010). Making ideas happen: Overcoming the obstacles between vision and reality. Penguin Publishing Group.
Blank, S. (2013). Why the lean start-up changes everything. Harvard Business Review, 91(5), 63-72.
Blazevic, M., Sina, L. B., Secco, C. A., Siegel, M., & Nazemi, K. (2024). Real-Time Ideation Analyzer and Information Recommender. Electronics, 13(9), 1761. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13091761
Bocken, N. M. P., de Pauw, I., Bakker, C., & van der Grinten, B. (2016). Product design and business model strategies for a circular economy. Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering, 33(5), 308–320. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681015.2016.1172124
Bocken, N. M. P., Short, S. W., Rana, P., & Evans, S. (2014). A literature and practice review to develop sustainable business model archetypes. Journal of Cleaner Production, 65, 42–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.11.039
Boden, M. A. (1990). The creative mind: Myths and mechanisms. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
Boden, M. A. (1998). Creativity and artificial intelligence. Artificial Intelligence, 103(1–2), 347–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-3702(98)00055-1
Boden, M. A. (2004). The creative mind: Myths and mechanisms (2nd ed.). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203508527
Boden, M. A. (2009). Computer models of creativity. AI Magazine, 30(3), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v30i3.2254
Brem, A. (2011). Linking innovation and entrepreneurship: Literature overview and introduction of a process-oriented framework. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 14(1), 6–35. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEIM.2011.040820
Brown, S. L., & Eisenhardt, K. M. (1997). The art of continuous change: Linking complexity theory and time-paced evolution in relentlessly shifting organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(1), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393807
Brown, T. (2009). Change by Design: How Design Thinking Creates New Alternatives for Business and Society. Harper Collins.
Brandenburger, A. (2022). To change the way you think, change the way you see. Harvard Business Review, Special Issue, (Spring), 33-35.
Brinckmann, J., Grichnik, D., & Kapsa, D. (2010). Should entrepreneurs plan or just storm the castle? A meta-analysis on contextual factors impacting the business planning–performance relationship in small firms. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(1), 24–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2008.10.007
Bruton, G. D., Nuhu, N., & Qian, J. J. (2021). Informal finance in settings of poverty: Establishing an agenda for future entrepreneurship research. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 26(02), 2150011. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1084946721500114
Bryant, P. (2007). Self‐regulation and decision heuristics in entrepreneurial opportunity evaluation and exploitation. Management Decision, 45(4), 732-745. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740710746006
Burrell, J. (2016). How the machine “thinks”: Understanding opacity in machine learning algorithms. Big Data & Society, 3(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951715622512
Cafferata, R., Abatecola, G., & Poggesi, S. (2009). Revisiting Stinchcombe's liability of newness: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Globalisation and Small Business, 3(4), 374–392. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJGSB.2009.032258
Cardeal, G., Höse, K., Ribeiro, I., & Götze, U. (2020). Sustainable business models–canvas for sustainability, evaluation method, and their application to additive manufacturing in aircraft maintenance. Sustainability, 12(21), 9130. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219130
Carroll, A. B., & Shabana, K. M. (2010). The business case for corporate social responsibility: A review of concepts, research and practice. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(1), 85–105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2009.00275.x
Carter, R. (2023). What is Varjo Reality Cloud and who is using it? XR Today (February 21). Available at https://www.xrtoday.com/mixed-reality/what-is-varjo-reality-cloud-and-who-is-using-it/#:~:text=Varjo%20Reality%20Cloud%20moves%20the,don%27t%20require%20expensive%20travel.
Challapally, A., Pease, C., Raskar, R., & Chari, P. (2025). The GenAI Divide: State of AI in Business 2025. MIT NANDA
Chan, C. K. Y. (2023). A comprehensive AI policy education framework for university teaching and learning. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 20(1), 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00408-3
Chang, H. F., & Li, T. (2025). A framework for collaborating a large language model tool in brainstorming for triggering creative thoughts. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 56, 101755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2025.101755
Chen, L., Wang, P., Dong, H., Shi, F., Han, J., Guo, Y., ... & Wu, C. (2019). An artificial intelligence based data-driven approach for design ideation. Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, 61, 10-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvcir.2019.02.009
Chen, T. J. (2021). Association, Reflection, Stimulation: Problem Exploration in Early Design through AI-Augmented Mind-Mapping (Doctoral dissertation). Texas A&M University. Available at https://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/ae938e6f-5d57-4ce8-a6e8-adff0b55c4a4/content
Chesbrough, H. W. (2006). Open innovation: The new imperative for creating and profiting from technology. Harvard Business School Press.
Chesbrough, H. W., & Appleyard, M. M. (2007). Open innovation and strategy. California Management Review, 50(1), 57-76. https://doi.org/10.2307/41166416
Cockburn, I. M., Henderson, R., & Stern, S. (2018). The impact of artificial intelligence on innovation. NBER Working Paper No. 24449. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w24449
Cohen, B., & Winn, M. I. (2007). Market imperfections, opportunity and sustainable entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(1), 29–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2004.12.001
Colton, S., & Wiggins, G. A. (2012). Computational creativity: The final frontier? Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, 242, 21–26.
Cooper, R. G. (1990). Stage-gate systems: A new tool for managing new products. Business Horizons, 33(3), 44-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/0007-6813(90)90040-I
Corner, P. D., Singh, S., & Pavlovich, K. (2017). Entrepreneurial resilience and venture failure: A process study of recovery and re-emergence. International Small Business Journal, 35(6), 687–708. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242616685604
Cowan, A. (n.d.). The 20 Minute Business Plan: Business Model Canvas Made Easy. Available at http://www.alexandercowan.com/business-model-canvas-templates/
Craft, A. (2005). Creativity in schools: Tensions and dilemmas. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203357965
Cropley, A. J. (2001). Creativity in education & learning: A guide for teachers and educators. London: Routledge Falmer.
Crumbine, D. (n.d.). Using AI in design thinking. Orion Innovation. Available at https://www.orioninc.com/blog/using-ai-in-design-thinking/
CS 247 Human Computer Interaction, Stanford, (NDa). Available at http://hci.stanford.edu/courses/cs247/2011/idealog.html
CS 247 Human Computer Interaction, Stanford, (NDb). Available at http://cs247.stanford.edu/2007/handouts/WhatsAnIdeaLog.pdf
D'Alessandro, F., Santarelli, E., & Vivarelli, M. (2024). The Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship and Innovation (KSTE+ I) Approach and the Advent of AI Technologies: Evidence from the European Regions. IZA-Institute of Labor Economics. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4926524
Davenport, T. H., & Mittal, N. (2022). How generative AI is changing creative work. Harvard Business Review, 14. https://hbr.org/2022/11/how-generative-ai-is-changing-creative-work
Davenport, T. H., & Ronanki, R. (2018). Artificial intelligence for the real world. Harvard Business Review, 96(1), 108–116.
de Bono, E. (1985). Six thinking hats: An essential approach to business management. Little, Brown, & Company.
de Sousa, M. M., de Almeida, D. A. R., Mansur-Alves, M., & Huziwara, E. M. (2024). Characteristics and effects of entrepreneurship education programs: A systematic review. Trends in Psychology, 32(3), 682-712. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43076-022-00197-0
Deambrosi, A. (2025). How AI Is changing creative workflows. IMGIX (March 28). Available at https://www.imgix.com/blog/how-ai-is-changing-creative-workflows#:~:text=Rather%20than%20diminishing%20the%20creative,developed%2C%20refined%2C%20and%20delivered.
Denning, S. (2018). The Age of Agile: How Smart Companies Are Transforming the Way Work Gets Done. AMACOM.
Dew, N., Read, S., Sarasvathy, S. D., & Wiltbank, R. (2009). Effectual versus predictive logics in entrepreneurial decision-making: Differences between experts and novices. Journal of Business Venturing, 24(4), 287–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2008.02.002
Dietrich, A. (2004). The cognitive neuroscience of creativity. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 11(6), 1011–1026. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196731
Dorow, P., Dávila, G., Varvakis, G., & Vallejos, R. (2015). Generation of ideas, ideation and idea management. Navus – Revista de Gestão e Tecnologia, 5(2), 51–59. https://doi.org/10.22279/navus.2015.v5n2.p51-59.248
Du Sautoy, M. (2020). The creativity code: Art and innovation in the age of AI. Belknap Press. https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674240407
Duggan, W. (2013). Strategic intuition: The creative spark in human achievement. Columbia Business School Publishing.
Dunphy, S. M., Herbig, P. R., & Howes, M. E. (1996). The innovation funnel. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 53(3), 279-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1625(96)00098-4
Eapen, T.T., Finkenstadt, D.J., Folk, J., and Venkataswamy, L. (2023). How generative AI can augment human creativity. Harvard Business Review, 101(4), 56-64. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4759930
Earl, S., Carden, F., & Smutylo, T. (2001). Outcome mapping: Building learning and reflection into development programs. International Development Research Centre.
Eberhard, K. (2023). The effects of visualization on judgment and decision-making: A systematic literature review. Management Review Quarterly, 73(1), 167–214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-021-00235-8
Eccles, R. G., Ioannou, I., & Serafeim, G. (2014). The impact of corporate sustainability on organizational processes and performance. Management Science, 60(11), 2835–2857. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.1984
Edmondson, A. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(2), 350–383. https://doi.org/10.2307/2666999
Edwards-Schachter, M., García-Granero, A., Sánchez-Barrioluengo, M., Quesada-Pineda, H., & Amara, N. (2015). Disentangling competences: Creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 16, 27–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2014.11.006
Eghosa, F. (2025). 5 best AI for brainstorming; Top tools to spark creativity in 2025. Ask Your PDF (March 19). Available at https://askyourpdf.com/blog/best-ai-brainstorming-tools
Ellen MacArthur Foundation. (2015). Towards a circular economy: Business rationale for an accelerated transition. https://content.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/m/4384c08da576329c/original/Towards-a-circular-economy-Business-rationale-for-an-accelerated-transition.pdf
Eppler, M. J., & Burkhard, R. A. (2007). Visual representations in knowledge management: Framework and cases. Journal of Knowledge Management, 11(4), 112–122. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673270710762756
Erdmann, A., García-Monleón, F., & Nuñez-Canal, M. (2022). Enhancing entrepreneurial skills through co-opetitive learning experience. Journal of Management and Business Education, 5(2), 76–96. https://doi.org/10.35564/jmbe.2022.0006
Ericsson, K. A., & Simon, H. A. (1993). Protocol analysis: Verbal reports as data (Rev. ed.). MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/5657.001.0001
Ettlie, J. E., & Elsenbach, J. M. (2007). Modified Stage‐Gate® regimes in new product development. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 24(1), 20-33. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5885.2006.00230.x
Fagerberg, J. (2005). Innovation: A guide to the literature. In J. Fagerberg, D. Mowery, & R. R. Nelson (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of innovation (pp. 1–26). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286805.003.0001
Fang, C., Zhu, Y., Fang, L., Long, Y., Lin, H., Cong, Y., & Wang, S. J. (2025). Generative AI-enhanced human-AI collaborative conceptual design: A systematic literature review. Design Studies, 97, 101300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2025.101300
Fayolle, A. (2018). Personal views on the future of entrepreneurship education. In A research agenda for entrepreneurship education (pp. 127-138). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781786432919.00013
Feng, Y. (2024). Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Product Design: From Concept to Prototype. Journal of Progress in Engineering and Physical Science, 3(4), 95-104. https://doi.org/10.56397/JPEPS.2024.12.13
Fossen, F., McLemore, T., & Sorgner, A. (2024). Artificial Intelligence and Entrepreneurship, 17055, IZA, Discussion Papers, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4863772
Fountaine, T., McCarthy, B., & Saleh, T. (2019). Building the AI-powered organization. Harvard Business Review, 97(4), 62–73.
Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Pitman.
Gaglio, C. M. (2004). The role of mental simulations and counterfactual thinking in the opportunity identification process. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 28(6), 533-552. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2004.00063.x
Gaiwal, A., Raorane, G., Rokade, T., Raikar, P., & Joseph, M. (2025). Ai-Augmented Mind Maps: Leveraging Large Language Models and Visualization Tools for Enhanced Knowledge Representation. SSRN (May 27). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5271381
Ge, B., Wang, Q., & Yao, M. (2022). From ideas to entrepreneurial opportunity: A study on AI. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 39(3), 618-632. https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.2874
Gebhardt, L., & Bachmann, N. (2023). Entrepreneurial contributions to sustainability transitions—A longitudinal study of their representation and enactment through topic modeling and thematic analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 420, 138255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138255
Geissdoerfer, M., Savaget, P., Bocken, N. M. P., & Hultink, E. J. (2017). The circular economy – A new sustainability paradigm? Journal of Cleaner Production, 143, 757–768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.048
George, A., & Susan Mathew, M. (2025). AI-powered creative stimulus: the ascent of virtual virtuoso entrepreneurship. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 8, 1605855. https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2025.1605855
Gerlich, M. (2025). AI tools in society: Impacts on cognitive offloading and critical thinking abilities. Societies, 15(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc15010006
Girotra, K., Meincke, L., Terwiesch, C., & Ulrich, K. T. (2023). Ideas are dimes a dozen: Large language models for idea generation in innovation. Wharton School Research Paper. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4526071
Gismera Tierno, L., Pérez-Macías, N., & Medina-Molina, C. (2021). Visual thinking boosting Spanish higher education students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 12, 1949-1965. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-020-00700-x
Giuggioli, G., & Pellegrini, M. M. (2023). Artificial intelligence as an enabler for entrepreneurs. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 29(4), 816–837. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2021-0426
Grech, A., Mehnen, J., & Wodehouse, A. (2023). An Extended AI-Experience: Industry 5.0 in Creative Product Innovation. Sensors, 23(6), 3009. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063009
Gregor, S., & Hevner, A. R. (2013). Positioning and presenting design science research for maximum impact. MIS Quarterly, 37(2), 337–355. https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2013/37.2.01
Gretzel, U., Sigala, M., Xiang, Z., & Koo, C. (2015). Smart tourism: Foundations and developments. Electronic Markets, 25(3), 179–188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-015-0196-8
Griffin, S. (ND). Visual Thinking 101 by Sean Griffin [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vcW1_l-nRes
Güss C. D., Ahmed, S., & Dörner D. (2021). From da Vinci’s flying machines to a theory of the creative process. Perspectives on Psychological Science. Advance online publication. https://doi:10.1177/1745691620966790 . Available at file:///C:/Users/Meir/Downloads/Da_Vinci_Flying_Creativity_Guess_et_al_2021.pdf
Haan, K. (2024). 22 top AI statistics and trends. Forbes Advisor (October 16). Available at https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/ai-statistics/
Haarmann, H. (2024). Enhance innovation by boosting idea generation with large language models. INFORMS, Prompt Engineering (December 16). Available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orms.2024.04.03
Haefner, N., Wincent, J., Parida, V., & Gassmann, O. (2021). Artificial intelligence and innovation management: A review, framework, and research agenda. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 162, 120392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120392
Hannigan, T. R., McCarthy, I. P., & Spicer, A. (2024). Beware of botshit: How to manage the epistemic risks of generative chatbots. Business Horizons, 67(5), 471-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2024.03.001
Hart, S. L., & Milstein, M. B. (2003). Creating sustainable value. Academy of Management Executive, 17(2), 56–67. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.2003.10025194
Hasan, M., Tiara Hutamy, E., Supatminingsih, T., Ahmad, M. I. S., Aeni, N., & Dzhelilov, A. A. (2024). The role of entrepreneurship education in the entrepreneurial readiness of generation Z students: why do digital business literacy and financial literacy matter?. Cogent Education, 11(1), 2371178. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2024.2371178
Hayati, A., & Umer, H. M. (2018). Visual thinking in entrepreneurship. Master’s Thesis, Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University, (2018-08-08).
Heidegger, M. (1954). The question concerning technology. In C. Hanks (Ed.), Technology and values: Essential readings (pp. 99-113). West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. Available at http://www.thegigantic.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Heidegger-Age-of-the-World-Picture.pdf
Holcomb, T. R., Ireland, R. D., Holmes, R. M., Jr., & Hitt, M. A. (2009). Architecture of entrepreneurial learning: Exploring the link among heuristics, knowledge, and action. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(1), 167–192. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2008.00285.x
Hosmer, L. T. (1995). Trust: The connecting link between organizational theory and philosophical ethics. Academy of Management Review, 20(2), 379–403. https://doi.org/10.2307/258851
Howarth, J. (2025). Startup failure rate statistics (2025); Exploiting Topics. June 5, 2025; https://explodingtopics.com/blog/startup-failure-stats
Huang, L., & Zheng, P. (2023). Human-computer collaborative visual design creation assisted by artificial intelligence. ACM transactions on Asian and low-resource language information processing, 22(9), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1145/3554735
Hyypiä, M., Oikarinen, T., & Parjanen, S. (2016). Leadership supporting practice-based innovation processes in organisational constellations. International Journal of Business Innovation and Research, 10(2-3), 380-401. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBIR.2016.074835
IDEAOU (2025). The intersection of design thinking and AI: Enhancing innovation (June 20). Available at https://www.ideou.com/blogs/inspiration/ai-and-design-thinking
IfM (n.d.). Decision support tools: Overview. University of Cambridge. Available at https://www.ifm.eng.cam.ac.uk/research/dstools/
Iñigo, E. A., & Albareda, L. (2016). Understanding sustainable innovation as a complex adaptive system: A systemic approach to the firm. Journal of Cleaner Production, 126, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.03.036
Janssen, M. J., Wesseling, J., Torrens, J., Weber, K. M., Penna, C., & Klerkx, L. (2023). Missions as boundary objects for transformative change: understanding coordination across policy, research, and stakeholder communities. Science and Public Policy, 50(3), 398-415. https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scac080
Jatmika, R. T. D., Ratnasari, V., & Nadlifatin, R. (2024). Empowering micro-entrepreneurs through artificial intelligence. Procedia Computer Science, 234, 1087–1094. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.03.103
Jenkin, D. (2025). I Tried 5 AI Tools Every Startup Should Know: Here’s What I Learned. DesignRush. (June 04). Available at https://www.designrush.com/agency/ai-companies/trends/ai-tools-for-startups
Jin, X., Dong, H., Evans, M., & Yao, A. (2024). Inspirational Stimuli to Support Creative Ideation for the Design of Artificial Intelligence-Powered Products. Journal of Mechanical Design, 146(12). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4065696
Jordan, M. I., & Mitchell, T. M. (2015). Machine learning: Trends, perspectives, and prospects. Science, 349(6245), 255–260. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa8415
Kahn, M. (2025). Benefits of using AI image generators for creatives & designers: Exploring the world of AI image generators and their transformative impact on design. StarryAI. (April 3). Available at https://starryai.com/en/blog/benefits-of-using-ai-image-generators-for-creatives-designers#:~:text=The%20best%20AI%20image%20generators%20can%20create%20images%20customized%20to,final%20image%20to%20their%20liking
Karlsson, C., Rickardsson, J., & Wincent, J. (2021). Diversity, innovation and entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 56(2), 759–772. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00267-1
King, A., & Lakhani, K. R. (2013). Using open innovation to identify the best ideas. MIT Sloan Management Review, 55(1), 41.
Knaflic, C. N. (2015). Storytelling with data: A data visualization guide for business professionals. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119055259
Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Prentice Hall.
Kotter, J.P. and Whitehead, L.A. (2010). Buy-in: Saving your good idea from getting shot down. Harvard Business Review Press.
Kritikos, A. S. (2024). Entrepreneurs and their impact on jobs and economic growth. IZA World of Labor 2024: 8. https://doi.org/10.15185/izawol.8.v2
Krueger Jr, N. F., & Day, M. (2010). Looking forward, looking backward: From entrepreneurial cognition to neuroentrepreneurship. In Handbook of Entrepreneurship Research (pp. 321-357). Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1191-9_13
Kugula, M. U., Amukune, M. S., & Lusweti, M. S. (2012). Persistent gender challenges for quality education in Kilifi county: Focus on the boy child towards Kenya’s vision 2030. Available at https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Stephen-Amukune/publication/332949411_PERSISTENT_GENDER_CHALLENGES_FOR_QUALITY_EDUCATION_IN_KILIFI_COUNTY_FOCUS_ON_THE_BOY_CHILD_TOWARDS_KENYA'S_VISION_2030_Team_Umi_Kugula_-PI_Sella_Lusweti-Research_Assistant/links/60ac098692851ca9dce1d8e0/PERSISTENT-GENDER-CHALLENGES-FOR-QUALITY-EDUCATION-IN-KILIFI-COUNTY-FOCUS-ON-THE-BOY-CHILD-TOWARDS-KENYAS-VISION-2030-Team-Umi-Kugula-PI-Sella-Lusweti-Research-Assistant.pdf
Kumari, P. S., & Prabhaharan, N. M. (2025). Exploring AI and Machine Learning in Visualization for Optimizing Business Practices. In Data Visualization Tools for Business Applications (pp. 67-84). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-6537-3.ch004
Lecocq, X., Warnier, V., Demil, B., & Plé, L. (2024). Using artificial intelligence (AI) generative technologies for business model design with IDEATe process: A speculative viewpoint. Journal of Business Models (JOBM), 12(1), 21-35. https://doi.org/10.54337/jbm.v12i1.8402
Lehmann, S. L., Dahlke, J., Pianta, V., & Ebersberger, B. (2025). Artificial intelligence and corporate ideation systems. Journal of Product Innovation Management. Available at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jpim.12782 https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12782
Levy, J. (2025). Team intelligence: How brilliant leaders unlock collective genius. Harper Business.
Lewandowski, M. (2016). Designing the business models for circular economy—Towards the conceptual framework. Sustainability, 8(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8010043
Liu, Y., Li, M., Li, X., & Zeng, J. (2022). Entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention: The moderating role of the personality and family economic status. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 978480. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.978480
Lumpkin, G. T., Brigham, K. H., & Moss, T. W. (2010). Long-term orientation: Implications for the entrepreneurial orientation and performance of family businesses. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 22(3-4), 241-264. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985621003726218
Lytras, M.D. and Russ, M. (Eds). (2026). AI-driven knowledge management assets: Strategies for the modern business landscape. Emerald, forthcoming.
Maaitah, T. (2023). The role of entrepreneurship on the economic growth and development. Entrepreneurship & Organization Management, 12(2), 404.
Mace, M. A., & Ward, T. (2002). Modeling the creative process: A grounded theory analysis of creativity in the domain of art making. Creativity Research Journal, 14(2), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326934CRJ1402_5
Mariani, M. M., Machado, I., & Nambisan, S. (2023). Types of innovation and artificial intelligence: A systematic quantitative literature review and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 155, 113364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113364
McAfee, A., & Brynjolfsson, E. (2017). Machine, platform, crowd: Harnessing our digital future. W. W. Norton & Company.
McMullen, J. S., & Dimov, D. (2013). Time and the entrepreneurial journey: The problems and promise of studying entrepreneurship as a process. Journal of Management Studies, 50(8), 1481–1512. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12049
Mehrabi, N., Morstatter, F., Saxena, N., Lerman, K., & Galstyan, A. (2021). A survey on bias and fairness in machine learning. ACM Computing Surveys, 54(6), 1–35. https://doi.org/10.1145/3457607
Menguc, B., Auh, S., & Yannopoulos, P. (2014). Customer and supplier involvement in design: The moderating role of incremental and radical innovation capability. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31(2), 313-328. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12097
Mentimeter (2024). 10 interactive meeting tools for better collaboration (June 06). Available at https://www.mentimeter.com/blog/meetings/interactive-meeting-tools
Mercy Corps (2020). Youth unemployment: a global crisis. Available at https://www.mercycorps.org/blog/youth-unemployment-global-crisis
Miço, H., & Cungu, J. (2023). Entrepreneurship education, a challenging learning process towards entrepreneurial competence in education. Administrative Sciences, 13(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13010022
Miller, D. (2021). Business made simple:60 days to master leadership, sales, marketing, execution, management, personal Productivity and more. HarperCollins Leadership.
Mindtools (n.d.). Creativity tools. Available at https://www.mindtools.com/c7cpzpf/creativity-tools
Minniti, M., & Bygrave, W. (2001). A dynamic model of entrepreneurial learning. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25(3), 5–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225870102500301
Moon, H., & Han, S. H. (2016). A creative idea generation methodology by future envisioning from the user experience perspective. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 56, 84–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2016.09.012
Mugunzva, F. I., & Manchidi, N. H. (2024). Re-envisioning the artificial intelligence–entrepreneurship nexus. Insights into Regional Development, 6(3), 71–84. https://doi.org/10.70132/k5546584395
Mukherjee, A., & Chang, H. H. (2023). Managing the creative frontier of generative AI: The novelty-usefulness tradeoff. California Management Review. Insight, Frontier (July 24).
Mumi, A., Ngammoh, N., & Suwanpakdee, A. (2025). The Nexus of Artificial Intelligence and Entrepreneurship Research: Bibliometric Analysis. Sustainable Futures, 100688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100688
Musallam, A. (2025). Supercharge creativity with AI brainstorming tools. ScaleWiseAI (June 25). Available at https://scalewise.ai/education/ai-brainstorming-tools/
Mushtaq, M., Sun, C., & Davar, E. (2024). Entrepreneurial education and its role in fostering sustainable communities. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 7470. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-57470-8
Nazemi, K., Burkhardt, D., & Kock, A. (2022). Visual analytics for technology and innovation management: An interaction approach for strategic decision making. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 81(11), 14803-14830. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-10972-3
Neck, H. M., & Greene, P. G. (2011). Entrepreneurship education: Known worlds and new frontiers. Journal of Small Business Management, 49(1), 55–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627X.2010.00314.x
Niu, Q., Liu, J., Bi, Z., Feng, P., Peng, B., Chen, K., ... & Liu, M. (2024). Large language models and cognitive science: A comprehensive review of similarities, differences, and challenges. arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.02387.
Nonaka, I., & Takeuchi, H. (1995). The knowledge-creating company. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195092691.001.0001
Novica, D. R., Wianto, E., & Andrade Campos, S. (2023). Drawing and ideation process in design education: A systematic literature review. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 10(1), 2219487. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2023.2219487
Osborn, A. F. (1979). Applied imagination: Principles and procedures of creative problem solving. (3rd Ed.) Charles Scribner's Sons.
Osterwalder, A. and Peigner, I. (2010). Business model generation: A handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers. John Wiley and Sons.
Owen, A. E., & Roberts, J. C. (2024). Visualisation design ideation with AI: A new framework, vocabulary, and tool. Future Internet, 16(11), 406. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16110406
Padilla, L. M., Creem-Regehr, S. H., Hegarty, M., & Stefanucci, J. K. (2018). Decision making with visualizations: A cognitive framework across disciplines. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 3(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-018-0120-9
Park, J. H., Kim, S. J., & Lee, S. T. (2025). AI and creativity in entrepreneurship education: A systematic review of LLM applications. AI, 6(5), 100. https://doi.org/10.3390/ai6050100
Pathak, P. (2025). Claude just became a Canva powerhouse: Anthropic’s AI now designs, resizes, and summarizes directly in chat. All Things How (July 15). Available at https://allthings.how/claude-just-became-a-canva-powerhouse-anthropics-ai-now-designs-resizes-and-summarizes-directly-in-chat/#google_vignette
Paul, S. (2018). Crisis in Boeing 787 Dreamliner: An investigation from project management control perspective. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 8(4), 242251-242251. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v8i4.13805
Pescher, C., & Tellis, G. J. (2025). The role of artificial intelligence in the ideation process. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 42(5), 958-982. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12791
Pfleeger, C. P., & Pfleeger, S. L. (2012). Analyzing computer security: A threat/vulnerability/countermeasure approach. Prentice Hall.
Phillora, S. and Whitman, L. (2025). 20 Best AI tools for product designers to automate work and boost creativity. Maze (May 9). Available at https://maze.co/collections/ai/tools-for-product-designers/
Polaine, A. (2009). The back of the napkin. The Designer’s Review of Books. (January 21). Available at https://www.designersreviewofbooks.com/2009/01/the-back-of-the-napkin/
Porter, M. E. (1980). Competitive strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors. New York: Free Press.
Porter, ME. (1985). Competitive advantage: Creating and sustaining superior performance. New York: Free Press.
Porter, M. E., & Kramer, M. R. (2011). Creating shared value. Harvard Business Review, 89(1/2), 62–77.
Powell, W. W., Koput, K. W., & Smith-Doerr, L. (1996). Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(1), 116–145. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393988
Puś, M. (2025). The future of AI in images and visual work: Transforming photography, graphic design, and beyond. DeepImage (March 25). Available at https://deep-image.ai/blog/the-future-of-ai-in-images-and-visual-work/#:~:text=Rather%20than%20replacing%20human%20talent,future%20of%20the%20creative%20industries.
Qiao, Y., Gao, Y., Wang, Y., Dai, D., & Luan, Z. (2025). Integrating Generative Artificial Intelligence and Human Design: The Impact of Automation Level on Human Creative Experience and Efficiency. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2025.2518333
Rae, D. (2000). Understanding entrepreneurial learning: a question of how? International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 6(3), 145-159. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552550010346497
Rae, D. (2006). Entrepreneurial learning: A conceptual framework for technology-based enterprise. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 18(1), 39–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537320500520494
Ransbotham, S., Gerbert, P., Reeves, M., Kiron, D., & Spira, M. (2018). Artificial intelligence in business gets real. MIT Sloan Management Review. https://sloanreview.mit.edu/projects/artificial-intelligence-inbusiness-
gets-real/
Rao, A. (2025). Brainpower unleashed: agentic AI and beyond bots. Tech Radar (July 15). Available at https://www.techradar.com/pro/brainpower-unleashed-agentic-ai-and-beyond-bots
Rindfleisch, A., & Heide, J. B. (1997). Transaction cost analysis: Past, present, and future applications. Journal of Marketing, 61(4), 30–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299706100403
Roam, D. (2009). The back of the napkin: Solving problems and selling ideas with pictures. Portfolio.
Roam, D. (n.d.a). Dan Roam's NapkinAcademy.com 3.0 -- quick intro & overview [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7oSAuGjBN8w
Roam, D. (n.d.b). Napkin Academy: how to LOOK - SEE - IMAGINE - SHOW [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aGnns7VqMug
Roam, D. (n.d.c). Seeing Part 1: Pattern Recognition [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NcbS0t2WfzI
Roam, D. (n.d.d). Napkin Academy: Applied imagination = the SQVID [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZjFlCkW7UU
Roam, D. (n.d.e). Introduction to "Showing" [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QphzPHGmByk
Roam, D. (n.d.f). The Napkin Academy: Introducing visual grammar [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kSpBxwkRZjE
Rosenbusch, N., Brinckmann, J., & Bausch, A. (2011). Is innovation always beneficial? A meta-analysis of the relationship between innovation and performance in SMEs. Journal of Business Venturing, 26(4), 441–457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.12.002
Rothwell, R. (1994). Towards the fifth-generation innovation process. International Marketing Review, 11(1), 7–31. https://doi.org/10.1108/02651339410057491
Rousseau, D. M., Sitkin, S. B., Burt, R. S., & Camerer, C. (1998). Not so different after all: A cross-discipline view of trust. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 393–404. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.926617
Ruffner, J. A. (2023). An examination of the combined relationship of ADHD and dyslexia with entrepreneurial intention. Doctoral dissertation, Franklin University.
Runco, M. A. (1988). Creativity research: Originality, utility, and integration. Creativity Research Journal, 1(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400418809534283
Runco, M. A. (2003). Education for creative potential. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 47(3), 317–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/00313830308595
Runco, M. A., & Acar, S. (2012). Divergent thinking as an indicator of creative potential. Creativity Research Journal, 24(1), 66–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2012.652929
Runco, M. A., & Jaeger, G. J. (2012). The standard definition of creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 24(1), 92-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2012.650092
Russ M. (2021a). Knowledge management for sustainable development in the era of continuously accelerating technological revolutions: A framework and models. Sustainability, 13(6):3353. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063353 .
Russ, M. (2021b). Ideation for new ventures: The reasonings-outcomes matrix, models and tools. Preprints 2021, 2021040172. Available at https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202104.0172/v1
Russ, M. (2021c) The individual and the organizational model of quantum decision-making and learning (MQDM&L): An introduction and the application of the quadruple loop learning. Preprints 2021, 2021030667 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202103.0667.v1). https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202103.0667/v1
Russ, M., Fineman, R., & Jones, J.K. (2010). Conceptual theory: What do you know? In M. Russ (Ed.). Knowledge Management Strategies for Business Development (pp. 1-22). Hershey, PA: Business Science Reference. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60566-348-7.ch001. Draft available at https://www.uwgb.edu/UWGBCMS/media/faculty-site-russm/files/chapter_1_russ__fineman_jones_2008.pdf
Russ, M. & Herron, D.J. (2026). Law, Inequality, Corporate Decision-Making, Knowledge Management, and Sustainability in the Post-Accelerating Data and Knowledge Networked Economy. (forthcoming)
Russ, M., & Jones, J. K. (2011a). Industry clusters, SMEs and public policy: A review and recommendations for peripheral regions. International Journal of Management and Business, 2(2), 67–92.
Russ, M., & Jones, J. K. (2011b). Knowledge management’s strategic dilemmas typology. In D.G. Schwartz and D. Te’eni (Eds.) Encyclopedia of Knowledge Management, 2nd Edition, (pp. 804-821). Hershey, PA: IGI Reference. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-931-1.ch078
Russ, M. and Lytras, M.D. (Eds). (2026a). AI-driven knowledge management processes: Strategies for the modern business landscape. Emerald, forthcoming.
Russ, M., & Lytras, M. D. (2026b). The new area of artificial intelligence in knowledge management. In M. Russ & M. D. Lytras (Eds.), AI-driven knowledge management processes (pp. 3–21). Emerald.
Sarasvathy, S. D. (2001). Causation and effectuation: Toward a theoretical shift from economic inevitability to entrepreneurial contingency. Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 243–263. https://doi.org/10.2307/259121
Savoia, A. (2019). The right it: Why so many ideas fail and how to make sure yours succeed. HarperOne.
Sawyer, R. K. (2019). Explaining creativity: The science of human innovation. Oxford University Press.
Schaltegger, S., & Wagner, M. (2011). Sustainable entrepreneurship and sustainability innovation: Categories and interactions. Business Strategy and the Environment, 20(4), 222–237. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.682
Scharmer, C. O. (2016). Addressing the blind spot of our time. Available at https://solonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Exec_Summary_Sept19-Theory-U-leading-from-the-emerging-future-copy.pdf
Scipioni, S., Russ, M., & Niccolini, F. (2021). From barriers to enablers: The role of organizational learning in transitioning SMEs into the Circular economy. Sustainability, 13(3), 1021. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13031021
Scoble, R. & Cronin, I. (2025). AI-Driven business models: Revolutionizing industries and unlocking new opportunities. Unaligned Newsletter (January 21). Available at https://www.unaligned.io/p/ai-driven-business-models
Scott, G., Leritz, L. E., & Mumford, M. D. (2004). The effectiveness of creativity training: A quantitative review. Creativity Research Journal, 16(4), 361–388. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400410409534549
Sedniev, A. (2013). The business idea factory: A world-class system for creating successful business ideas. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
Senge, P. M. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the learning organization. Doubleday.
Seet, C. (n.d.).Nonprofit Strategic Planning: Guided Roadmap Example. Jibility. Available at https://www.jibility.com/blog/nonprofit-strategic-planning-example
Sevilla-Bernardo, J., Herrador-Alcaide, T. C., & Sánchez-Robles, B. (2024). Successful entrepreneurship, higher education and society. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03916-3
Shahzad, M. F., Asif, M., Xu, S., & Wang, C. (2025). Impact of digitalization on entrepreneurial ecosystems: a bibliometric exploration. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 40(3), 782-795. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-07-2024-0524
Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 217–226. https://doi.org/10.2307/259271
Shepherd, D. A., Parida, V., & Wincent, J. (2021). Entrepreneurship and poverty alleviation: The importance of health and children’s education for slum entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 45(2), 350-385. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258719900774
Shepherd, D. A., Souitaris, V., & Gruber, M. (2021). Creating new ventures: A review and research agenda. Journal of Management, 47(1), 11-42. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206319900537
Shioiri, S., Honjyo, H., Kashiwase, Y., Matsumiya, K., & Kuriki, I. (2016). Visual attention spreads broadly but selects information locally. Scientific Reports, 6, 35513. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep35513
Shneiderman, B. (2020a). Human-centered artificial intelligence: Reliable, safe & trustworthy. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 36(6), 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2020.1741118
Shneiderman, B. (2020b). Designing the user interface: Strategies for effective human–computer interaction (6th ed.). Pearson. https://doi.org/10.1145/25065.950626
Smriti (2025). Top 10 AI Idea Generation Software to Elevate Innovation. InspireIP. (March 21) Available at https://inspireip.com/top-ai-idea-generation-software-to-elevate-innovation/#:~:text=higher%2Dtier%20plans.-,Company%20Overview:,ideas%20into%20actionable%20growth%20strategies
Snowden, D. J., & Boone, M. E. (2007). A leader's framework for decision making. Harvard Business Review, 85(11), 68-76.
Sobetska, O. (2025). Irrationality in humans and creativity in AI. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 8, 1579704. https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2025.1579704
Son, E., & Suh, J. (2024). The role of entrepreneurship in alleviating ESG backlash and advancing sustainability. Journal of the International Council for Small Business, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/26437015.2024.2427700
Soriano, D. R., & Huarng, K. H. (2013). Innovation and entrepreneurship in knowledge industries. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 1964–1969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.02.019
Spence, L. J., & Rutherfoord, R. (2001). Social responsibility, profit maximisation and the small firm owner‐manager. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 8(2), 126–139. https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000006818
Spruijt, J. (2016). The lean scale-up: Innovation & entrepreneurship for new ventures. Available at https://www.openinnovation.eu/22-01-2016/the-lean-scale-up-innovation-entrepreneurship-for-new-ventures/
Srivastava, A. (2024). Analytics dashboard: Unlocking data-driven decision-making. Growth Natives (October 23). Available at https://growthnatives.com/blogs/analytics/analytics-dashboard-unlocking-data-driven-decision-making/#:~:text=Unlocking%20the%20power%20of%20data,drive%20growth%20and%20improve%20performance.
Sterman, J. D. (2002). Business dynamics: Systems thinking and modeling for a complex world. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Sternberg, R. J. (2003). Creative thinking in the classroom. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 47(3), 325-338. https://doi.org/10.1080/00313830308595
Stinchcombe, A. L. (1965). Social structure and organizations. In J. G. March (Ed.), Handbook of organizations (pp. 142–193). Rand McNally.
Strubell, E., Ganesh, A., & McCallum, A. (2019). Energy and policy considerations for deep learning in NLP. Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 3645–3650. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/P19-1355
Studio labs (n.d.). AI prototyping: Turning ideas into breakthrough products. Available at https://www.studiolabs.com/ai-prototyping-turning-ideas-into-breakthrough-products/#:~:text=Using%20Generative%20AI%20for%20Prototyping,associated%20with%20traditional%20prototyping%20methods.
Suchek, N., Fernandes, C. I., Kraus, S., Filser, M., & Sjögrén, H. (2021). Innovation and the circular economy: A systematic literature review. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(8), 3686-3702. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2834
Suchek, N., Ferreira, J. J., & Fernandes, P. O. (2022). A review of entrepreneurship and circular economy research: State of the art and future directions. Business Strategy and the Environment, 31(5), 2256-2283. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3020
Sutadi, A. S. (2021). Design thinking and entrepreneurial motivation. VCD Journal of Visual Communication Design, 6(2), 73–83. https://doi.org/10.37715/vcd.v6i2.2701
Suthers, D. D. (2003). Representational Guidance for Collaborative. Artificial intelligence in education: shaping the future of learning through intelligent technologies, 922(6389), 3.
Taddeo, M., & Floridi, L. (2018). How AI can be a force for good. Science, 361(6404), 751–752. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat5991
Talukdar, B., Saikia, J. How sustainability is driven in entrepreneurship? Evidence from apiculture practices. Future Business Journal, 11, 120 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-025-00508-8
Tan, L., & Luhrs, M. (2024). Using Generative AI Midjourney to enhance divergent and convergent thinking in an architect’s creative design process. The Design Journal, 27(4), 677-699. https://doi.org/10.1080/14606925.2024.2353479
Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509–533. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199708)18:7<509::AID-SMJ882>3.0.CO;2-Z
Tian, J., & Zhang, R. (2025). Learners' AI dependence and critical thinking: The psychological mechanism of fatigue and the social buffering role of AI literacy. Acta Psychologica, 260, 105725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105725
Tidd, J., & Bessant, J. (2021). Managing innovation (7th ed.). Wiley.
TIP Staff (n.d.). Top 20 Generative AI tools for innovation. Triangle IP. Available at https://triangleip.com/top-20-generative-ai-tools-for-innovation/
The de Bono Group (n.d.). Six thinking hats. Available at http://www.debonogroup.com/six_thinking_hats.php
Tigar, L. (2025). SMART Goals: 5 Do’s, 5 Don’ts, 21 Examples for Writing Excellent Ones; June 28, Clear Voice. Available at https://www.clearvoice.com/blog/smart-goal-examples/
Torraco, R. J. (2005). Writing integrative literature reviews: Guidelines and examples. Human Resource Development Review, 4(3), 356-367. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484305278283
Townsend, D. M., & Hunt, R. A. (2019). Entrepreneurial action, creativity, & judgment in the age of artificial intelligence. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 11, e00126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2019.e00126
Townsend, D. M., Hunt, R. A., Rady, J., Manocha, P., & Jin, J. H. (2025). Are the futures computable? Knightian uncertainty and artificial intelligence. Academy of Management Review, 50(2), 415-440. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2022.0237
UN (2025). AI’s $4.8 trillion future: UN warns of widening digital divide without urgent action. UN News (April 3). Available at https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/04/1161826
Urbano, D., Aparicio, S., & Audretsch, D. B. (2019). Twenty-five years of research on institutions, entrepreneurship, and economic growth: What has been learned? Small Business Economics, 53(1), 21–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0038-0
Uriarte, S., Baier-Fuentes, H., Espinoza-Benavides, J., & Inzunza-Mendoza, W. (2025). Artificial intelligence technologies and entrepreneurship: a hybrid literature review. Review of Managerial Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-025-00839-4
Välk, S., Thabsuwan, C., & Mougenot, C. (2023). The Ideation Compass: supporting interdisciplinary creative dialogues with real time visualization. International Journal of Design Creativity and Innovation, 11(2), 99-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650349.2022.2142674
van der Poel, M. H., Bakker, D., & Rus, R. (2024). Building innovation capability in SMEs through university–business collaboration. Journal of Management and Business Education, 7(3), 452–462. https://doi.org/10.35564/jmbe.2024.0025
Verganti, R. (2016). The innovative power of criticism. Harvard Business Review, 94(1- 2), 88-95.
Välk, S., Thabsuwan, C., & Mougenot, C. (2023). The Ideation Compass: supporting interdisciplinary creative dialogues with real time visualization. International Journal of Design Creativity and Innovation, 11(2), 99-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650349.2022.2142674
Veleva V. (2021). The role of entrepreneurs in advancing sustainable lifestyles: Challenges, impacts, and future opportunities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 283, 124658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124658
Von Hippel, E. (1989). New product ideas from ‘lead users’. Research-Technology Management, 32(3), 24-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/08956308.1989.11670596
Von Solms, R., & Van Niekerk, J. (2013). From information security to cyber security. Computers & Security, 38, 97–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2013.04.004
Vranceanu, R. (2024) The worrisome decline in breakthrough innovation. ESSEC Business School, 19.02.24; Available at https://knowledge.essec.edu/en/innovation/the-worrisome-decline-in-breakthrough-innovation.html
Walker, M. (2012). Visual Thinking: Sketching my Future as a Visual Practitioner. Creative Studies Graduate Student Master's Projects. Paper 156. http://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1169&context=creativeprojects
Wang, P., Khinvasara, Y., Creijghton, G. J., Scholing, T., Wang, Y., Zhou, Z., ... & Yin, Y. (2025). Enhancing designer creativity through human–AI co-ideation: a co-creation framework for design ideation with custom GPT. AI EDAM, 39, e22. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0890060425100127
Ware, C. (2019). Information visualization: Perception for design (4th ed.). Morgan Kaufmann.
Wheelwright. S. C. and Clark. K. B. (1992). Revolutionizing Product Development, The Free Press, New York.
Winkler, C., Hammoda, B., Noyes, E., & Van Gelderen, M. (2023). Entrepreneurship education at the dawn of generative AI. Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy, 6(4), 579–589. https://doi.org/10.1177/25151274231198799
World Economic Forum (May 2023). Future of Jobs Report 2023; Available at https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Future_of_Jobs_2023.pdf
Xie, X. (2023). The cognitive process of creative design: A perspective of divergent thinking. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 48, 101266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2023.101266
Xie, Y., & Wang, S. (2025). Generative artificial intelligence in entrepreneurship education enhances entrepreneurial intention through self-efficacy and university support. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 24079. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09545-3
Xu, B., Yu, H., & Li, L. (2021). The impact of entrepreneurship on regional economic growth: A perspective of spatial heterogeneity. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 33(3-4), 309-331. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2021.1872940
Yang, T., & Aldrich, H. E. (2017). “The liability of newness” revisited. Social Science Research, 63, 36–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2016.09.006
Yee, L., Chui, M., Roberts, R., and Smit, S. (2025). Technology trends outlook 2025. McKinsey & Company, (June, 5th ed.).
Yin, S., Li, H., Sun, Y., Ibrar, M., & Teng, L. (2024). Data visualization analysis based on explainable artificial intelligence: A survey. IJLAI Transactions on Science and Engineering, 2(2), 13-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-68313-2_2
Ziane, A., Bouziani, A., & Moumni, S. (2025). Entrepreneurship and Innovation: Driving Economic Growth. SocioEconomic Challenges (SEC), 9(1), 219-232. https://doi.org/10.61093/sec.9(1).219-232.2025
Ziemba, E., & Eisenbardt, M. (2015). Prosumers' participation in business processes. Online Journal of Applied Knowledge Management, 3(1), 114-127.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Management and Business Education
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
License terms at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode
